CHOCOLA - Chocolate

We are given a bar of chocolate composed of m*n square pieces. One should break the chocolate into single squares. Parts of the chocolate may be broken along the vertical and horizontal lines as indicated by the broken lines in the picture.

A single break of a part of the chocolate along a chosen vertical or horizontal line divides that part into two smaller ones. Each break of a part of the chocolate is charged a cost expressed by a positive integer. This cost does not depend on the size of the part that is being broken but only depends on the line the break goes along. Let us denote the costs of breaking along consecutive vertical lines with x1, x2, ..., xm-1 and along horizontal lines with y1, y2, ..., yn-1.

The cost of breaking the whole bar into single squares is the sum of the successive breaks. One should compute the minimal cost of breaking the whole chocolate into single squares.

For example, if we break the chocolate presented in the picture first along the horizontal lines, and next each obtained part along vertical lines then the cost of that breaking will be y1+y2+y3+4*(x1+x2+x3+x4+x5).

Task

Write a program that for each test case:

  • Reads the numbers x1, x2, ..., xm-1 and y1, y2, ..., yn-1
  • Computes the minimal cost of breaking the whole chocolate into single squares, writes the result.

Input

One integer in the first line, stating the number of test cases, followed by a blank line. There will be not more than 20 tests.

For each test case, at the first line there are two positive integers m and n separated by a single space, 2 <= m,n <= 1000. In the successive m-1 lines there are numbers x1, x2, ..., xm-1, one per line, 1 <= xi <= 1000. In the successive n-1 lines there are numbers y1, y2, ..., yn-1, one per line, 1 <= yi <= 1000.

The test cases will be separated by a single blank line.

Output

For each test case : write one integer - the minimal cost of breaking the whole chocolate into single squares.

Example

Input:
1

6 4
2
1
3
1
4
4
1
2

Output:
42

Added by:Thanh-Vy Hua
Date:2004-12-23
Time limit:3s
Source limit:50000B
Memory limit:1536MB
Cluster: Cube (Intel G860)
Languages:All except: NODEJS PERL6 VB.NET
Resource:10th Polish Olympiad in Informatics, stage 1

hide comments
2021-05-24 11:52:35
runtime error on python
2021-05-19 15:06:06
Getting NZEC Runtime error in Python
2021-03-12 06:46:53
Greedy First go AC..
2020-06-26 13:40:57
Can be solved using Greedy!! No dp required
2020-05-09 22:14:27
Can someone provide a working dp solution
2020-05-08 17:17:20
simple greedy.. big first
2020-04-21 08:45:30
dp er chinta baad deo :)
2019-10-15 23:17:14
@gaurav_yadal: look "looking for a challenge" book
2019-08-02 05:50:09
someone pls tell proof of this greedy approach
2019-03-13 18:28:17
answer using DP WA
answer using greedy AC
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