CMPLS - Complete the Sequence!

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You probably know those quizzes in Sunday magazines: given the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, what is the next number? Sometimes it is very easy to answer, sometimes it could be pretty hard. Because these "sequence problems" are very popular, ACM wants to implement them into the "Free Time" section of their new WAP portal.

ACM programmers have noticed that some of the quizzes can be solved by describing the sequence by polynomials. For example, the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 can be easily understood as a trivial polynomial. The next number is 6. But even more complex sequences, like 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, can be described by a polynomial. In this case, 1/2.n2-1/2.n+1 can be used. Note that even if the members of the sequence are integers, polynomial coefficients may be any real numbers.

Polynomial is an expression in the following form:

P(n) = aD.nD+aD-1.nD-1+...+a1.n+a0

If aD <> 0, the number D is called a degree of the polynomial. Note that constant function P(n) = C can be considered as polynomial of degree 0, and the zero function P(n) = 0 is usually defined to have degree -1.

Input

There is a single positive integer T on the first line of input (equal to about 5000). It stands for the number of test cases to follow. Each test case consists of two lines. First line of each test case contains two integer numbers S and C separated by a single space, 1 <= S < 100, 1 <= C < 100, (S+C) <= 100. The first number, S, stands for the length of the given sequence, the second number, C is the amount of numbers you are to find to complete the sequence.

The second line of each test case contains S integer numbers X1, X2, ... XS separated by a space. These numbers form the given sequence. The sequence can always be described by a polynomial P(n) such that for every i, Xi = P(i). Among these polynomials, we can find the polynomial Pmin with the lowest possible degree. This polynomial should be used for completing the sequence.

Output

For every test case, your program must print a single line containing C integer numbers, separated by a space. These numbers are the values completing the sequence according to the polynomial of the lowest possible degree. In other words, you are to print values Pmin(S+1), Pmin(S+2), .... Pmin(S+C).

It is guaranteed that the results Pmin(S+i) will be non-negative and will fit into the standard integer type.

Example

Sample Input:

4
6 3
1 2 3 4 5 6
8 2
1 2 4 7 11 16 22 29
10 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
1 10
3

Sample Output:

7 8 9
37 46
11 56
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Warning: large Input/Output data, be careful with certain languages

hide comments
mohanish2504: 2019-04-13 13:00:45

If u cant understand question :
https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-solve-a-complete-the-sequence-problem-on-SPOJ1

Simple and clear explanation

hellblazer33: 2019-04-05 10:16:14

any tips for beginners I didn't understand how to implement method of differences.

lnediak: 2019-02-15 23:29:42

first I did super fancy stuff actually determining the poly itself, but got wrong answer (probs numerical imprecision). Then I did method of differences and ac.

devil_within: 2018-12-30 22:16:24

AC in one go!! Use method of differences.

ashimk: 2018-12-09 18:40:07

Method Of Differences came into rescue.
AC in one go :)

ani1107: 2018-09-24 08:42:18

Passed all test cases given in question but still it is showing wrong answer!
Any suggestions?

ani1107: 2018-09-24 08:19:55

Why is Langrage's interpolation giving wrong answer?

fragile_dreams: 2018-08-15 19:37:26

how to solve for 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 sequence???????

vaishcr7: 2018-05-07 13:28:20

i guess 1 5 5 1 50 148 197 295 is an invalid test case because it can't be formed into a polynomial . can anyone tell me why my answer is failing after using differences method and clearing all the test cases of the problem that have already been provided.

Last edit: 2018-05-07 13:28:47
heptapod: 2018-01-12 15:08:04

never mind solved it!! for those who are having difficulty solving do go for 'Method of differences'....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_engine#Method_of_differences

Last edit: 2018-01-12 15:09:04

Added by:adrian
Date:2004-05-08
Time limit:5s
Source limit:50000B
Memory limit:1536MB
Cluster: Cube (Intel G860)
Languages:All except: NODEJS PERL6 VB.NET
Resource:ACM Central European Programming Contest, Prague 2000