FIBOSUM - Fibonacci Sum

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The Fibonacci sequence is defined by the following relation:

  • F(0) = 0
  • F(1) = 1
  • F(N) = F(N - 1) + F(N - 2), N >= 2

Your task is very simple. Given two non-negative integers N and M, you have to calculate the sum (F(N) + F(N + 1) + ... + F(M)) mod 1000000007.

Input

The first line contains an integer T (the number of test cases). Then, T lines follow. Each test case consists of a single line with two non-negative integers N and M.

Output

For each test case you have to output a single line containing the answer for the task.

Example

Input:
3
0 3
3 5
10 19

Output:
4
10
10857

Constraints

  • T <= 1000
  • 0 <= N <= M <= 109

hide comments
sai krishna: 2015-01-11 11:51:35

learnt exponentiation

Yashpal: 2014-12-24 23:41:57

Made Accepted in 0.00 :P

Tahsin: 2014-10-30 08:31:59

Negative Modulus : caused me 6 WAs :(

Last edit: 2014-10-30 08:33:14
mayank: 2014-10-23 09:09:43

Negative Modulus :'( .

do_do: 2014-09-19 23:57:18

finally accepted using matrix expo. and modular arith. :)

do_do: 2014-09-19 22:58:32

can someone please give me more test cases

a7b: 2014-08-24 08:32:01

Can somebody tell me why I'm getting a wrong answer?
<snip>

Last edit: 2022-08-31 22:43:20
sobriquet: 2014-07-03 14:22:05

After this try FIBTWIST.

Archit Jain: 2014-07-03 09:49:39

nice problem

Last edit: 2014-07-03 09:49:53
excursionist: 2014-06-13 00:10:15

nice problem....taught many things :o
Got ac in first attemp :)


Added by:David Gómez
Date:2010-12-04
Time limit:1s
Source limit:50000B
Memory limit:1536MB
Cluster: Cube (Intel G860)
Languages:All except: ASM64
Resource:My Own