KATHTHI - KATHTHI

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Kathiresan is initially locked at cell (0, 0) in a highly guarded rectangular prison of order R x C. He must reach the gate at (R-1, C-1) in order to escape from the prison. Kathiresan can move from any cell, to any of its 4 adjacent cells (North, East, West and South). If Kathiresan is currently at (x1, y1), then he can move to (x2, y2) if and only if abs(x2-x1)+abs(y2-y1) == 1 and 0 <= x2 < R and 0 <= y2 < C

Kathiresan somehow manages to get the map of the prison

If map[x1][y1] == map[x2][y2] then Kathiresan can move from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) without killing any guards.

If map[x1][y1] != map[x2][y2] then Kathiresan can move from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) by killing a guard.

Given the map of the prison, find the minimum number of guards Kathiresan must kill in order to escape from the prison.

Input

The first line consists of an integer t, the number of test cases. For each test case, the first line consists of two integers R and C representing the order of the rectangular prison followed by R strings representing the map of the rectangular prison.

Output

For each test case find the minimum number of guards Kathiresan must kill in order to escape from the prison.

Constraints

1 <= t <= 10

2 <= R <= 1000

2 <= C <= 1000

'a' <= map[i][j] <= 'z'

Sample

Input:
4
2 2
aa
aa
2 3
abc
def
6 6
akaccc
aaacfc
amdfcc
aokhdd
zyxwdp
zyxwdd
5 5
abbbc
abacc
aaacc
aefci
cdgdd

Output:
0
3
2
2

hide comments
wttc: 2023-01-26 12:46:28

[spoiler] with [spoiler] or [spoiler] gives TLE.
Try considering the fact that weights are [spoiler].

Last edit: 2023-09-08 16:19:03
karelisp: 2022-05-15 12:51:26

why am I getting TLE with O(T*N) algorithm?

onlyerror: 2022-01-14 09:17:29

Can anyone please share their AC code? I am getting TLE

rushi2001: 2021-06-09 20:43:48

Try to implement [spoiler-spoiler] over dijkstra to get better time complexity .

Last edit: 2022-09-02 07:05:03
maheshwari7778: 2021-04-01 13:48:20

Take advantage of [spoiler]

Last edit: 2023-09-08 16:20:13
vee_nits123: 2020-08-13 06:40:27

AC in one goes Yayy!!
[spoiler] rocks...
if map[x1][y1] != map[x2][y2] consider [spoiler] else [spoiler]

Last edit: 2023-09-08 16:20:49
mubtasim91: 2020-04-24 23:48:19

Can someone please review my Java submission [removed ideone link spoiler]
I am getting TLE.

Last edit: 2023-09-08 16:21:32
dkkv0000: 2020-01-14 06:50:19

[spoiler] bfs learn it and apply it

Last edit: 2020-01-27 10:51:09
sandeepd: 2019-12-10 20:31:18

This is a great problem. Thanks @cegprakash!

jitendra10099: 2019-12-10 14:55:30

Is it possible to implement it with dynamic programming ?


Added by:cegprakash
Date:2015-01-16
Time limit:1s
Source limit:50000B
Memory limit:1536MB
Cluster: Cube (Intel G860)
Languages:All except: BF